At the end of this example IPs in the analyst host group, will be able to connect to 80, 443 and 8086 on our standalone node. Let's add a simple rule that will alert on the detection of a string in a tcp session. Minion pillar file: This is the minion specific pillar file that contains pillar definitions for that node. The files in this directory should not be modified as they could possibly be overwritten during a soup update in the event we update those files. Been looking to add some custom YARA rules and have been following the docs https://docs.securityonion.net/en/2.3/local-rules.html?#id1 however I'm a little confused. According to NIST, which step in the digital forensics process involves drawing conclusions from data? As you can see I have the Security Onion machine connected within the internal network to a hub. Local pillar file: This is the pillar file under /opt/so/saltstack/local/pillar/. Find Age Regression Discord servers and make new friends! Our products include both the Security Onion software and specialized hardware appliances that are built and tested to run Security Onion. After select all interfaces also ICMP logs not showing in sguil. There are multiple ways to handle overly productive signatures and well try to cover as many as we can without producing a full novel on the subject. I went ahead and put in the below rules under /etc/nsm/local.rules and ran the rule-update command. In many of the use cases below, we are providing the ability to modify a configuration file by editing either the global or minion pillar file. This first sub-section will discuss network firewalls outside of Security Onion. Launch your Ubuntu Server VM, log on with credentials provided at the beginning of this guide and open a terminal shell by double-clicking the Desktop shortcut. . Backups; Docker; DNS Anomaly Detection; Endgame; ICMP Anomaly Detection; Jupyter Notebook; Machine Learning; Adding a new disk; PCAPs for Testing; Removing a Node; Syslog Output; UTC and Time Zones; Utilities. However, generating custom traffic to test the alert can sometimes be a challenge. For example, if you had a web server you could include 80 and 443 tcp into an alias or in this case a port group. For example, if you dont care that users are accessing Facebook, then you can silence the policy-based signatures for Facebook access. Adding local rules in Security Onion is a rather straightforward process. Full Name. In a distributed deployment, the manager node controls all other nodes via salt. It . If you would like to create a rule yourself and use it with Suricata, this guide might be helpful. Please note if you are using a ruleset that enables an IPS policy in /etc/nsm/pulledpork/pulledpork.conf, your local rules will be disabled. lawson cedars. /opt/so/saltstack/default/salt/firewall/hostgroups.yaml is where the default hostgroups are defined. Managing Rules; Adding Local Rules; Managing Alerts; High Performance Tuning; Tricks and Tips. (Alternatively, you can press Ctrl+Alt+T to open a new shell.) to security-onion When I run 'rule-update' it give an error that there are no rules in /usr/local/lib/snort_dynamicrules. Here are some of the items that can be customized with pillar settings: Currently, the salt-minion service startup is delayed by 30 seconds. In 2008, Doug Burks started working on Security Onion, a Linux distribution for intrusion detection, network security monitoring, and log management. Run so-rule without any options to see the help output: We can use so-rule to modify an existing NIDS rule. Inside of /opt/so/saltstack/local/salt/strelka/rules/localrules, add your YARA rules. To add local YARA rules, create a directory in /opt/so/saltstack/local/salt/strelka/rules, for example localrules. Edit the /opt/so/rules/nids/local.rules file using vi or your favorite text editor: sudo vi /opt/so/rules/nids/local.rules Paste the rule. A tag already exists with the provided branch name. From https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/: Salt is a core component of Security Onion 2 as it manages all processes on all nodes. Salt is a new approach to infrastructure management built on a dynamic communication bus. /opt/so/saltstack/local/pillar/minions/
, https://www.proofpoint.com/us/threat-insight/et-pro-ruleset, https://www.snort.org/downloads/#rule-downloads, https://www.snort.org/faq/what-are-community-rules, https://snort.org/documents/registered-vs-subscriber, license fee per sensor (users are responsible for purchasing enough licenses for their entire deployment), Snort SO (Shared Object) rules only work with Snort not, same rules as Snort Subscriber ruleset, except rules only retrievable after 30 days past release, not officially managed/supported by Security Onion. You can add Wazuh HIDS rules in /opt/so/rules/hids/local_rules.xml. You may want to bump the SID into the 90,000,000 range and set the revision to 1. Write your rule, see Rules Format and save it. To enabled them, either revert the policy by remarking the ips_policy line (and run rule-update), or add the policy type to the rules in local.rules. . idstools helpfully resolves all of your flowbit dependencies, and in this case, is re-enabling that rule for you on the fly. For example, if ips_policy was set to security, you would add the following to each rule: The whole rule would then look something like: alert tcp any any -> $HOME_NET 7789 (msg: "Vote for Security Onion Toolsmith Tool of 2011! Next, run so-yara-update to pull down the rules. Our appliances will save you and your team time and resources, allowing you to focus on keeping your organization secure. There may be entire categories of rules that you want to disable first and then look at the remaining enabled rules to see if there are individual rules that can be disabled. These are the files that will need to be changed in order to customize nodes. If so, then tune the number of AF-PACKET workers for sniffing processes. If you built the rule correctly, then snort should be back up and running. When configuring network firewalls for distributed deployments, youll want to ensure that nodes can connect as shown below. to security-onion yes it is set to 5, I have also played with the alert levels in the rules to see if the number was changing anything. If it is, then the most expedient measure may be to resolve the misconfiguration and then reinvestigate tuning. ET Open optimized for Suricata, but available for Snort as well free For more information, see: https://rules.emergingthreats.net/open/ ET Pro (Proofpoint) optimized for Suricata, but available for Snort as well rules retrievable as released This section will cover both network firewalls outside of Security Onion and the host-based firewall built into Security Onion. After viewing your redacted sostat it seems that the ICMP and UDP rules are triggering: Are you using SO with in a VM? 5. The reason I have a hub and not a switch is so that all traffic is forwarded to every device connected to it so security onion can see the traffic sent from the attacking kali linux machine, to the windows machines. Start creating a file for your rule. Salt sls files are in YAML format. We offer both training and support for Security Onion. Security Onion offers the following choices for rulesets to be used by Snort/Suricata: ET Open optimized for Suricata, but available for Snort as well free For more information, see: https://rules.emergingthreats.net/open/ ET Pro (Proofpoint) optimized for Suricata, but available for Snort as well rules retrievable as released By default, only the analyst hostgroup is allowed access to the nginx ports. Please note if you are using a ruleset that enables an IPS policy in /etc/nsm/pulledpork/pulledpork.conf, your local rules will be disabled. Host groups are similar to port groups but for storing lists of hosts that will be allowed to connect to the associated port groups. sigs.securityonion.net (Signature files for Security Onion containers) ghcr.io (Container downloads) rules.emergingthreatspro.com (Emerging Threats IDS rules) rules.emergingthreats.net (Emerging Threats IDS open rules) www.snort.org (Paid Snort Talos ruleset) github.com (Strelka and Sigma rules updates) Alternatively, run salt -G 'role:so-sensor' cmd.run "so-strelka-restart" to restart Strelka on all sensors at once. For example: By default, if you use so-allow to add a host to the syslog hostgroup, that host will only be allowed to connect to the manager node. Please update your bookmarks. It is now read-only. When editing these files, please be very careful to respect YAML syntax, especially whitespace. Open /etc/nsm/rules/local.rules using your favorite text editor. From the Command Line. Reboot into your new Security Onion installation and login using the username/password you specified in the previous step. Started by Doug Burks, and first released in 2009, Security Onion has. For example, the following threshold IP exceeds the 64-character limit: This results in the following error in the Suricata log: The solution is to break the ip field into multiple entries like this: A suppression rule allows you to make some finer grained decisions about certain rules without the onus of rewriting them. For example: In some cases, you may not want to use the modify option above, but instead create a copy of the rule and disable the original. Revision 39f7be52. Salt can be used for data-driven orchestration, remote execution for any infrastructure, configuration management for any app stack, and much more. The next run of idstools should then merge /opt/so/rules/nids/local.rules into /opt/so/rules/nids/all.rules which is what Suricata reads from. Download Security Onion 20110116. Backing up current local_rules.xml file. You should only run the rules necessary for your environment, so you may want to disable entire categories of rules that dont apply to you. ELSA? Its important to note that with this functionality, care should be given to the suppressions being written to make sure they do not suppress legitimate alerts. Our instructors are the only Security Onion Certified Instructors in the world and our course material is the only authorized training material for Security Onion. Revision 39f7be52. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to security-onio.@googlegroups.com. This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. Ingest. This directory contains the default firewall rules. The territories controlled by the ROC consist of 168 islands, with a combined area of 36,193 square . For example, if ips_policy was set to security, you would add the following to each rule: The whole rule would then look something like: These policy types can be found in /etc/nsm/rules/downloaded.rules. All node types are added to the minion host group to allow Salt communication. Security Onion is an open source suite of network security monitoring (NSM) tools for evaluating alerts, providing three core functions to the cybersecurity analyst: Full packet capture and data types Network-based and host-based intrusion detection systems Alert analysis tools Security Onion has Snort built in and therefore runs in the same instance. . 137 vi local.rules 138 sudo vi local.rules 139 vi cd .. 140 cd .. 141 vi securityonion.conf 142 sudo vi pulledpork/pulledpork.conf 143 sudo rule-update 144 history 145 vi rules/downloaded.rules 146 sudo vi local.rules 147 sudo vi rules/local.rules 160 sudo passwd david 161 sudo visudo 162 sudo vi rules/local.rules 1. Nodes will be configured to pull from repocache.securityonion.net but this URL does not actually exist on the Internet, it is just a special address for the manager proxy. Fresh install of Security Onion 16.04.6.3 ISO to hardware: Two NICs, one facing management network, one monitoring mirrored port for test network Setup for Production Mode, pretty much all defaults, suricata create alert rules for /etc/nsm/local.rules and run rule-update Log into scapy/msf on kalibox, send a few suspicious packets Some node types get their IP assigned to multiple host groups. Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia.It is located at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south. You can learn more about scapy at secdev.org and itgeekchronicles.co.uk. Global pillar file: This is the pillar file that can be used to make global pillar assignments to the nodes. You can learn more about snort and writing snort signatures from the Snort Manual. Please review the Salt section to understand pillars and templates. For more information about Salt, please see https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/. 1. Use one of the following examples in your console/terminal window: sudo nano local.rules sudo vim local.rules. This will add the host group to, Add the desired IPs to the host group. 3. Interested in discussing how our products and services can help your organization? Security Onion uses idstools to download new signatures every night and process them against a set list of user generated configurations. To enabled them, either revert the policy by remarking the ips_policy line (and run rule-update), or add the policy type to the rules in local.rules. If you would like to pull in NIDS rules from a MISP instance, please see: In this file, the idstools section has a modify sub-section where you can add your modifications. PFA local.rules. The firewall state is designed with the idea of creating port groups and host groups, each with their own alias or name, and associating the two in order to create an allow rule. /opt/so/saltstack/default/salt/firewall/portgroups.yaml, /opt/so/saltstack/default/salt/firewall/hostgroups.yaml, /opt/so/saltstack/default/salt/firewall/assigned_hostgroups.map.yaml, /opt/so/saltstack/local/salt/firewall/portgroups.local.yaml, /opt/so/saltstack/local/salt/firewall/hostgroups.local.yaml, /opt/so/saltstack/local/salt/firewall/assigned_hostgroups.local.map.yaml, /opt/so/saltstack/local/pillar/minions/_.sls, Allow hosts to send syslog to a sensor node, raw.githubusercontent.com (Security Onion public key), sigs.securityonion.net (Signature files for Security Onion containers), rules.emergingthreatspro.com (Emerging Threats IDS rules), rules.emergingthreats.net (Emerging Threats IDS open rules), github.com (Strelka and Sigma rules updates), geoip.elastic.co (GeoIP updates for Elasticsearch), storage.googleapis.com (GeoIP updates for Elasticsearch), download.docker.com (Docker packages - Ubuntu only), repo.saltstack.com (Salt packages - Ubuntu only), packages.wazuh.com (Wazuh packages - Ubuntu only), 3142 (Apt-cacher-ng) (if manager proxy enabled, this is repocache.securityonion.net as mentioned above), Create a new host group that will contain the IPs of the hosts that you want to allow to connect to the sensor. With this functionality we can suppress rules based on their signature, the source or destination address and even the IP or full CIDR network block. I've just updated the documentation to be clearer. This error now occurs in the log due to a change in the exception handling within Salts event module. In a distributed deployment, the manager node controls all other nodes via salt. If you try to disable the first two rules without disabling the third rule (which has flowbits:isset,ET.MSSQL) the third rule could never fire due to one of the first two rules needing to fire first. When editing these files, please be very careful to respect YAML syntax, especially whitespace. However, generating custom traffic to test the alert can sometimes be a challenge. Please note! Now we have to build the association between the host group and the syslog port group and assign that to our sensor node. Disabling all three of those rules by adding the following to disablesid.conf has the obvious negative effect of disabling all three of the rules: When you run sudo so-rule-update, watch the Setting Flowbit State section and you can see that if you disable all three (or however many rules share that flowbit) that the Enabled XX flowbits line is decremented and all three rules should then be disabled in your all.rules. Logs . Copyright 2023 Here, we will show you how to add the local rule and then use the python library scapy to trigger the alert. However, generating custom traffic to test the alert can sometimes be a challenge. If there are a large number of uncategorized events in the securityonion_db database, sguil can have a hard time of managing the vast amount of data it needs to process to present a comprehensive overview of the alerts. One of those regular interventions is to ensure that you are tuning properly and proactively attempting to reach an acceptable level of signal to noise. A node that has a port group and host group association assigned to it will allow those hosts to connect to those ports on that node. Security Onion is an open-source and free Linux distribution for log management, enterprise security monitoring, and intrusion detection. Salt sls files are in YAML format. To enable the Talos Subscriber ruleset in an already installed grid, modify the /opt/so/saltstack/local/pillar/minions/ file as follows: To add other remotely-accessible rulesets, add an entry under urls for the ruleset URL in /opt/so/saltstack/local/pillar/minions/: Copyright 2023 The rule categories are Malware-Cnc, Blacklist, SQL injection, Exploit-kit, and rules from the connectivity ruleset Security: CVSS Score of 8 or higher Vulnerability age is four years old and newer The rule categories include Balanced and Connectivity with one additional category being App-detect For example, if you include a bad custom snort rule with incorrect syntax, the snort engine will fail . To get the best performance out of Security Onion, youll want to tune it for your environment. To generate traffic we are going to use the python library scapy to craft packets with specific information to ensure we trigger the alert with the information we want. (Archived 1/22) Tuning NIDS Rules in Security Onion Security Onion 7.5K subscribers 48 Dislike Share 1,465 views Dec 22, 2021 This video has been archived as of January 2022 - the latest. Can anyone tell me > > > > what I've done wrong please? Tried as per your syntax, but still issue persists. If you pivot from that alert to the corresponding pcap you can verify the payload we sent. In a distributed Security Onion environment, you only need to change the configuration in the manager pillar and then all other nodes will get the updated rules automatically. Introduction Adding local rules in Security Onion is a rather straightforward process. Answered by weslambert on Dec 15, 2021. Custom rules can be added to the local.rules file Rule threshold entries can . The signature id (SID) must be unique. Let's add a simple rule that will alert on the detection of a string in a tcp session: Run rule-update (this will merge local.rules into downloaded.rules, update sid-msg.map, and restart processes as necessary): If you built the rule correctly, then Snort/Suricata should be back up and running. In the image below, we can see how we define some rules for an eval node. This is an advanced case and you most likely wont never need to modify these files. the rule is missing a little syntax, maybe try: alert icmp any any -> $HOME_NET any (msg:"ICMP Testing"; sid:1000001; rev:1;). In this step we are redefining the nginx port group, so be sure to include the default ports as well if you want to keep them: Associate this port group redefinition to a node. https://securityonion.net/docs/AddingLocalRules. Security Onion is a intrusion detection and network monitoring tool. Alternatively, run salt -G 'role:so-sensor' cmd.run "so-strelka-restart" to restart Strelka on all sensors at once. Run the following command to get a listing of categories and the number of rules in each: In tuning your sensor, you must first understand whether or not taking corrective actions on this signature will lower your overall security stance. To enable the ET Pro ruleset in an already installed grid, modify the /opt/so/saltstack/local/pillar/minions/ file as follows: Since Shared Object rules wont work with Suricata, you may want to disable them using a regex like 're:soid [0-9]+' as described in the Managing Alerts section. Many Git commands accept both tag and branch names, so creating this branch may cause unexpected behavior. Data collection Examination . To configure syslog for Security Onion: Stop the Security Onion service. If you want to tune Wazuh HIDS alerts, please see the Wazuh section. Revision 39f7be52. These non-manager nodes are referred to as salt minions. There may be entire categories of rules that you want to disable first and then look at the remaining enabled rules to see if there are individual rules that can be disabled. epic charting system training Security Onion Solutions, LLC is the creator and maintainer of Security Onion, a free and open platform for threat hunting, network security monitoring, and log management. Escalate local privileges to root level. The server is also responsible for ruleset management. /opt/so/saltstack/default/salt/firewall/assigned_hostgroups.map.yaml is where the default allow rules come together and pair hostgroups and portgroups and assign that pairing to a node based on its role in the grid. The default allow rules for each node are defined by its role (manager, searchnode, sensor, heavynode, etc) in the grid. 41 - Network Segmentation, VLANs, and Subnets. Apply the firewall state to the node, or wait for the highstate to run for the changes to happen automatically. You can see that we have an alert with the IP addresses we specified and the TCP ports we specified. How are they stored? /opt/so/saltstack/local/salt/firewall/portgroups.local.yaml defines custom port groups. While Vanderburgh County was the seventh-largest county in 2010 population with 179,703 people, it is also the eighth-smallest county in area in Indiana and the smallest in southwestern Indiana, covering only 236 square miles (610 km2). A new version of our securityonion-rule-update package is now available that distributes OSSEC's local_rules.xml from master server to slave sensors by default and also allows for NIDS/HIDS rule tuning per physical sensor. Now that the configuration is in place, you can either wait for the sensor to sync with Salt running on the manager, or you can force it to update its firewall by running the following from the manager: Add the required ports to the port group. You can read more about this at https://redmine.openinfosecfoundation.org/issues/4377. Security Onion a free and open platform for intrusion detection, enterprise security monitoring, and log management. It incorporates NetworkMiner, CyberChef, Squert, Sguil, Wazuh, Bro, Suricata, Snort, Kibana, Logstash, Elasticsearch, and numerous other security onion tools. Generate some traffic to trigger the alert. Cleaning up local_rules.xml backup files older than 30 days. "; reference: url,http://holisticinfosec.blogspot.com/2011/12/choose-2011-toolsmith-tool-of-year.html; content: "toolsmith"; flow:to_server; nocase; sid:9000547; metadata:policy security-ips; rev:1). Firewall Requirements Salt minions must be able to connect to the manager node on ports 4505/tcp and 4506/tcp: MISP Rules. These policy types can be found in /etc/nsm/rules/downloaded.rules. The National Institutes of Standards and Technology (NIST) 800-171 cybersecurity standard has four safeguards that are related to network traffic monitoring: 3.13.1: Monitor, control, and protect organizational communications (i.e., information transmitted or received by organizational information For example, to check disk space on all nodes: If you want to force a node to do a full update of all salt states, you can run so-checkin. This directory stores the firewall rules specific to your grid. Once logs are generated by network sniffing processes or endpoints, where do they go? You can see that we have an alert with the IP addresses we specified and the TCP ports we specified. Security Onion is a platform that allows you to monitor your network for security alerts. If you are on a large network, you may need to do additional tuning like pinning processes to CPU cores. More information on each of these topics can be found in this section. Then tune your IDS rulesets. Revision 39f7be52. Security Onion Layers Ubuntu based OS Snort, Suricata Snorby Bro Sguil Squert Host groups and port groups can be created or modified from the manager node using either so-allow, so-firewall or manually editing the yaml files. There are two directories that contain the yaml files for the firewall configuration. One thing you can do with it (and the one that most people are interested in) is to configure it for IDS mode. Pillars are a Saltstack concept, formatted typically in YAML, that can be used to parameterize states via templating. For example: If you need to modify a part of a rule that contains a special character, such as a $ in variable names, the special character needs to be escaped in the search part of the modify string. Finally, run so-strelka-restart to allow Strelka to pull in the new rules. If you dont want to wait 15 minutes, you can force the sensors to update immediately by running the following command on your manager node: Security Onion offers the following choices for rulesets to be used by Suricata. When I run sostat. https://docs.securityonion.net/en/2.3/local-rules.html?#id1. For more information, please see: # alert ip any any -> any any (msg:"GPL ATTACK_RESPONSE id check returned root"; content:"uid=0|28|root|29|"; classtype:bad-unknown; sid:2100498; rev:7; metadata:created_at 2010_09_23, updated_at 2010_09_23;), /opt/so/saltstack/local/pillar/minions/_.sls, "GPL ATTACK_RESPONSE id check returned root test", /opt/so/saltstack/default/pillar/thresholding/pillar.usage, /opt/so/saltstack/default/pillar/thresholding/pillar.example, /opt/so/saltstack/local/pillar/global.sls, /opt/so/saltstack/local/pillar/minions/.sls, https://docs.saltproject.io/en/latest/topics/troubleshooting/yaml_idiosyncrasies.html, https://redmine.openinfosecfoundation.org/issues/4377, https://blog.snort.org/2011/05/resolving-flowbit-dependancies.html. For example, suppose that we want to modify SID 2100498 and replace any instances of returned root with returned root test. You can do so via the command line using curl: Alternatively, you could also test for additional hits with a utility called tmNIDS, running the tool in interactive mode: If everything is working correctly, you should see a corresponding alert (GPL ATTACK_RESPONSE id check returned root) in Alerts, Dashboards, Hunt, or Kibana. Logs. You signed in with another tab or window. First off, I'll briefly explain security onion security Onion is the leading open source operating system for network security monitoring, intrusion detection, log management and threat hunting. 2. If you want to apply the threshold to a single node, place the pillar in /opt/so/saltstack/local/pillar/minions/.sls. Home About Us Bill Pay 877-213-8180 Product Library My accountItems of interest (0) Get your campus card Your campus card allows you to borrow books from the Library, use services at the student centre, make payments at Macquarie University retail outlets, and identify yourself during class tests and . > To unsubscribe from this topic . Files here should not be modified as changes would be lost during a code update. For example, if you want to modify SID 2009582 and change $EXTERNAL_NET to $HOME_NET: The first string is a regex pattern, while the second is just a raw value. Generate some traffic to trigger the alert. Add the following to the sensor minion pillar file located at. This writeup contains a listing of important Security Onion files and directories. You signed in with another tab or window. Then tune your IDS rulesets. Open /etc/nsm/rules/local.rules using your favorite text editor. We've been teaching Security Onion classes and providing Professional Services since 2014. Copyright 2023 These non-manager nodes are referred to as salt minions. At those times, it can be useful to query the database from the commandline. We can start by listing any rules that are currently modified: Lets first check the syntax for the add option: Now that we understand the syntax, lets add our modification: Once the command completes, we can verify that our modification has been added: Finally, we can check the modified rule in /opt/so/rules/nids/all.rules: To include an escaped $ character in the regex pattern youll need to make sure its properly escaped. Set anywhere from 5 to 12 in the local_rules Kevin. Security Onion generates a lot of valuable information for you the second you plug it into a TAP or SPAN port. Adding Local Rules Security Onion 2.3 documentation Docs Tuning Adding Local Rules Edit on GitHub Adding Local Rules NIDS You can add NIDS rules in /opt/so/saltstack/local/salt/idstools/local.rules on your manager. Security Onion is a free and open platform for threat hunting, enterprise security monitoring, and log management. Double-click the Setup script on the Desktop and follow the prompts to configure and start the Sguil processes. After adding your rules, update the configuration by running so-strelka-restart on all nodes running Strelka. How are they parsed? Any pointers would be appreciated. For a quick primer on flowbits, see https://blog.snort.org/2011/05/resolving-flowbit-dependancies.html. Check out our NIDS tuning video at https://youtu.be/1jEkFIEUCuI! Also ensure you run rule-update on the machine. Have you tried something like this, in case you are not getting traffic to $HOME_NET? Are you sure you want to create this branch?
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