what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?

The Spanish fleeing from an Aztec force. What impact did the Portuguese and Spanish explorers have on Europe? The Portuguese led the way as explorers sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator sailed down the coast of Africa, establishing a profitable trade in gold and slaves. Essay Sample. These countries, therefore, represent two distinct, but key goals of New World exploration that became the basic pattern for the history of the Atlantic World. poway high school bell schedule 2021. As they died, new workers were needed. They were far more interested in trade, and before long, they had carried millions of Africans away from their homes as slaves. Henry the navigator was a mapmaker and helped build ships. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? 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The Portuguese built an empire from 1420 onwards that was largely composed of trade centres dotted around the coasts of three continents. explored ante empire in Mexico. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest by OpenStaxCollege is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Finally, they also desired to build an empire and spread Catholicism. The effect of the Thrash's set items were huge. A fortified trading post, it had mounted cannons facing out to sea, not inland toward continental Africa; the Portuguese had greater fear of a naval attack from other Europeans than of a land attack from Africans. Ottoman Turks controlled much of the land routes to the East, and they initially charged exorbitant taxes for traders to get through. The Spanish explorers were in search of mineral wealth, looking for El Dorado (the City of Gold) and they aspired to spread Christianity. It didn't take long for other Spaniards to realize that Columbus had stumbled upon something completely new, and they decided to stay. In August 1521, having successfully fomented civil war as well as fended off rival Spanish explorers, Corts claimed Tenochtitln for Spain and renamed it Mexico City. The Portuguese explored the Canary Islands off the African coast as early as 1341, finding them perfect for the establishment of sugar colonies with labor supplied by African slaves. Over two centuries, the Spanish established an empire over two continents that changed the lives of the Amerindians, the very face of the land itself, and indeed, the entire world. With his support, Portuguese mariners successfully navigated an eastward route to Africa, establishing a foothold there that became a foundation of their nations trade empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire and took part in explorations of the northern Caribbean coast of South America. What was Portugals role in the age of discovery? Location of the Strait of Magellan. The Reconquista marked another step forward in the process of making Spain an imperial power, and Ferdinand and Isabella were now ready to look further afield. Even though the empires of Mexico and Peru had already had thriving trade routes, superior technology and biological factors of new diseases to which the Amerindians had no resistance gave Europeans the advantage. From the beginning of the Aztec conquest, a collection of Franciscan friars had come to convert the natives. The voyages of Columbus. Malintzin translated for Corts in his dealings with Moctezuma and, whether willingly or under pressure, entered into a physical relationship with him. How do you think it might have influenced Europeans reading about the New World for the first time? Santngel had supported Columbuss voyage, helping him to obtain funding from Ferdinand and Isabella. The overland routes involved terrain that was unforgiving and dangerous, and merchants couldn't trust that they would always be safe. Portuguese explorers were able to discover and conquer new worlds. On October 12, 1492, however, he made landfall on an island in the Bahamas. What were three outcomes of Spanish Exploration? Want to create or adapt books like this? When these expeditions began, Europeans knew virtually nothing about the area past Cape Bojador on. What impact did the Portuguese have on exploration? B. Africans were enslaved and brought to the Americas. Probanzas de mritos featured glowing descriptions of lands of plenty. Who ruled the government of ancient Sumer? No products in the cart. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Test and improve your knowledge of The Age of Discovery & Exploration with fun multiple choice exams you can take online with Study.com. There were different reasons for the Spanish and Portuguese exploration, with the Portuguese establishing a trading post empire to protect their goods, and Spain focusing on. Spanish and Portuguese exploration brought a variety of Western ideas to the new world, including dress and leadership positions like that of the governor. Hogwarts Legacy is a third-person action-adventure game with some minor RPG and exploration folded into the mix. extensive migration of people from the Western Hemisphere to Europe and Asia. The confinement of my story to Spanish, rather than Iberian, America means the almost total exclusion of the Portuguese settlement of Brazil, except for glancing references to the sixty-year period, from 1580 to 1640, when it formed part of Spain's global monarchy. One of the greatest lasting effects of Spanish incursion into Latin America was the . They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. What impact did Portuguese have on Africa? 101 Independence Ave. Menu and widgets European countries started to think about forming empires, spreading Christianity, and ruling the world. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Henry the Navigator. Hoping to gain power over the city, Corts took Moctezuma, the Aztec ruler, hostage. Baker Hughes (NYSE: BKR) is a leading energy technology company that design, manufacture and service transformative technologies to help take energy forward. The natives quickly became the bulk of the workforce and were horribly abused despite Isabel's orders to the contrary. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? He believed the earth to be much smaller than its actual size and, since he did not know of the existence of the Americas, he fully expected to land in Asia. The Jesuits attempted to covert the natives to Christianity, but most of the other colonists were more interested in pushing west to find gold and silver. In the BFA programs, students receive practical training through the progression of hands-on projects that increase in complexity. For many Europeans, the Age of Exploration signifies a time when new lands were discovered. The Spanish explorers hoped to find cities of gold, so they made their discoveries sound as wonderful as possible in these letters to convince the Spanish crown to fund more voyages. The Spanish brought Western ideals to the Americas, including economic and religious systems. Although traditional warfare continued to be a major tool for political control, European countries also grew concerned with gaining economic superiority over their neighbors, their main tool being international trade. Eli Whitney Inventions & Facts | What Did Eli Whitney Invent? This two-volume book (1605 and 1618) told a colorful tale of an hidalgo (gentleman) who reads so many tales of chivalry and knighthood that he becomes unable to tell reality from fiction. The Carrack or Nao (meaning ship) was developed as a fusion between Mediterranean and Northern European-style ships. They were looking for something new and different, and they were ready to push beyond Europe to find it. 1015 Words. . Westward Expansion, 1840-1900, Industrialization and the Rise of Big Business, 1870-1900, The Growing Pains of Urbanization, 1870-1900, Leading the Way: The Progressive Movement, 1890-1920, Age of Empire: American Foreign Policy, 1890-1914, The Jazz Age: Redefining the Nation, 1919-1929, Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? Although the period known as the Age of Discovery, when Western Europe's conquistadors or conquerors discovered the true expanse of the globe, began with a Portuguese and Spanish desire to find ways to the Far East and the spice trade, it ended with both nations permanently expanding a myriad of trade networks and colonies on continents previously unknown. Cortes took land from the Aztecs in what is today Mexico. There is honey, and there are many kinds of birds, and a great variety of fruits. What is the effect of Spanish and Portuguese Exploration? In this context, evaluating mercury contamination in coastal sediments and mercury magnification in marine food webs is crucial for . What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? The two went hand in hand and produced individuals who both exploited the natives and truly wanted to help them. The main driving forces for these pressures include the growing population associated with rapid urbanization and human settlements along the coast, industrial growth, oil exploration, production and export and the associated tanker traffic, fishing, tourism, agriculture, aquaculture and sea water desalination. found and claimed Pacific Ocean for Spain and called it the south sea Hernando Cortes 1519- to find gold glory and god. With financial assistance from the maritime enthusiast Prince Henry the Navigator and the invention of lateen or triangular sails, the Portuguese opened trading routes along the African coast. The increased flow of silver altered the worldwide global trading both socially and economically. The story of North American exploration spans an entire millennium and involves a wide array of European powers and uniquely American characters. Spanish and Portuguese explorations expanded the understanding of the world and the diversity of its people for future centuries. They also attempted, sometimes more successfully than others, to conquer the Amerindians and force them to work and pay tribute. In 1493, Columbus sent two copies of a probanza de mrito to the Spanish king and queen and their minister of finance, Luis de Santngel. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. In time, much of the Atlantic World would become a gargantuan sugar-plantation complex in which Africans labored to produce the highly profitable commodity for European consumers. Thousands of Spaniards flocked to the Americas seeking wealth and status. As early as 1341, Portuguese sailors had made. 4 What are the long lasting effects of Spanish Exploration today? He understood why the exploration and hunt of the surrounding was done by the Domain . Spanish Exploration Birth of the USA American Constitution American Independence War Causes of the American Revolution Democratic Republican Party General Thomas Gage biography Intolerable Acts Loyalists Powers of the President Quebec Act Seven Years' War Stamp Act Tea Party Cold War Battle of Dien Bien Phu Brezhnev Doctrine Brezhnev Era Jul 22nd, 2021 Published. Although the Spanish had superior weapons, the strength of the Aztecs made the campaign long and grueling. Europeans gained new materials like gold, silver, and jewels. Indeed, the Spanish created an empire across two continents, and the world would never be the same. The history of Spanish exploration begins with the history of Spain itself. The Spanish quickly set out to explore, conquer, and colonize, which was bad news for the Amerindians who got in their way as they launched their empire. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugals explorers changed Europeans understanding of the world in several ways. Columbuss discovery opened a floodgate of Spanish exploration. During the Spanish colonial era, ships frequently transported mercury across the Atlantic to the New World to be used in gold mining. By This split desire for wealth and religious conversion was the complicated reason why Spain explored the New World. When the Immortal had Thrash's set, the Dimensional lords had no choice, but to give up a huge part of Alphen to the Immortal's army. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. Velzquez painted himself into this imposingly large royal portrait (hes shown holding his brush and easel on the left) and boldly placed the viewer where the king and queen would stand in the scene ([link]). By this and other means, native people helped shape the conquest of the Americas. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. The Library of Congress. Notes FAQ Contact . The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. Only by playing upon the disunity among the diverse groups in the Aztec Empire were the Spanish able to capture the grand city of Tenochtitln. Using the explorers first name as a label for the new landmass, Waldseemuller attached America to his map of the New World in 1507, and the name stuck. In 1482, Portuguese traders built Elmina Castle (also called So Jorge da Mina, or Saint Georges of the Mine) in present-day Ghana, on the west coast of Africa ([link]). with an exploratory and descriptive study with a sample of five YouTube channels in Spanish and Portuguese aimed at early . When this lesson is over, you should be able to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. One such explorer, Francisco Pizarro, made his way to the Spanish Caribbean in 1509, drawn by the promise of wealth and titles. The time was ripe to explore, discover, and expand. Spains most famous explorer, Christopher Columbus, was actually from Genoa, Italy. All rights reserved. Vespuccis widely published accounts of his voyages fueled speculation and intense interest in the New World among Europeans. 3 What impact did Portuguese have on Africa? However, the reality is far more complex. Vasco Nez de Balboa marched through Panama to the Pacific ocean; Hernando Corts conquered Mexico; Francisco Pizarro subdued Peru; and Francisco Vsquez de Coronado moved north. Merchants then used these Atlantic outposts as debarkation points for subsequent journeys. He and his men were astonished by the incredibly sophisticated causeways, gardens, and temples in the city, but they were horrified by the practice of human sacrifice that was part of the Aztec religion. Finally, Vasco de Gama arrived in India and came back with a nice, profitable load of spices in 1499. In 1418, the Portuguese came upon the Madeira Islands and established a colony at Porto Santo. Warfare by the Spanish, using guns, and forced labour in mines and on plantations also contributed. This exchange benefitted Europeans more than Native Americans because Europeans spread smallpox , a deadly disease, to Native Americans when they came into contact with them. Corts arrived on Hispaniola in 1504 and took part in the conquest of that island. An error occurred trying to load this video. This was centre of the gold trade. Many ideas and methods of expansion were flowed along over time. It also marks an increased adoption of colonialism as a government policy in several European states. Cartographers developed new ways of mapping. Millions of Amerindians died by violence and disease as the Spanish marched through their lands, and even the very face of the land changed as the explorers and settlers brought new livestock, weeds, and germs to the New World. He participated in successful expeditions in Panama before following rumors of Inca wealth to the south. What does it reveal about the state of geographical knowledge, as well as European perceptions of the New World, at the beginning of the sixteenth century? In 1492, Granada, the last Muslim stronghold on the Iberian Peninsula, had fallen to the forces of the Spanish monarchs. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. One group in particular, the Tlaxcalan, threw their lot in with the Spanish, providing as many as 200,000 fighters in the siege of Tenochtitln. Spain was unable to compete with Portugal throughout most of the 15th century as it was occupied with consolidating itself on the Iberian peninsula and defeating the Islamic empire that had been present since the early middle ages. In the eighteenth century, a French historian compared Spanish and Portuguese expansion in the New World in the following terms: The conquests of the Portuguese in the New World are not as pleasing on a broad view as the conquests of Mexico and Peru. This innovation helped the Age of Exploration flourish because it showed explorers what direction they were headed. Great Explorers of Spain and Portugal: Aims & Discoveries, Radical Reformation Origins & Beliefs | Anabaptists & Antitrinitarians. In the 1500s, Spain surpassed Portugal as the dominant European power. Many other Europeans followed in Columbuss footsteps, drawn by dreams of winning wealth by sailing west. However, when Columbus in fact discovered America, the subsequent discoveries of indigenous peoples led the Catholic country to move beyond pure trade goals to establish lasting colonies that would add to Spain's greatness and spread Catholicism to the New World. Portugal imported armor and munitions, fine clothes, and several manufactured products from Flanders and Italy. He received help from the neighboring cities terrorized by the Aztec empire, who periodically collected people from them to offer sacrifices to their gods in many elaborate rituals, outstripping nearby empires in their zeal. Wine and dried fruits from Algarve were sold in Flanders and England, salt from Setbal and Aveiro was a profitable export to northern Europe, and leather and kermes, a scarlet dye, were also exported. What are the effects of Spain exploration? The compass rose also told . Pizarro began his work by capturing the Incan king and holding him for ransom, the astronomical amount of which flooded the Spanish coiffures and made empire-building more lucrative than it had ever been. The trees, fruits and grasses differ widely from those in Juana. However, the overthrow of the Mongols by the Ottoman Empire had closed that border as the longstanding religious differences between Christian Europe and Muslim Ottomans allowed the old conflict to disrupt the flow of trade. Below are excerpts from Columbuss 1493 letter to Luis de Santngel, which illustrates how fantastic reports from European explorers gave rise to many myths surrounding the Spanish conquest and the New World. At Elmina the main source was Ashanti gold, at trading points on the Guinea coast it was gold diverted to Portuguese traders from the caravan route from Timbuktu to Morocco. (1531) answer choices. The system also allowed them to protect their imports as they traveled back to Portugal. Another Italian, Amerigo Vespucci, sailing for the Portuguese crown, explored the South American coastline between 1499 and 1502. Europeans longed for the luxuries of the Far East, including silks, pepper, and spices, but the Far East trade was dominated by Muslims and Venetians who hauled the goods over land, making them extremely expensive. They also found a sea route to India. Riches poured in from the colonies, and new ideas poured in from other countries and new lands. She has taught college English and religious education classes and currently works as a freelance writer. Which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration? This slave trade also came into greater usage when the Portuguese followed the Spanish in setting their sights across the Atlantic, colonizing Brazil in the 1530s. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. The Portuguese took firm control of trade with the Far East.