early settlers of orange county, north carolina

Map showing early German settlers. Many early North Carolina families are named on the Moseley Map (1733). The list below is a wonderful condensed index that I had saved in my archived files on my computer, although, unfortunately, Im unsure of its attribution, so if you know who originally published the list below, please leave a comment in the boxat the bottom of this article. immigrants. As European surveyors and explorers traversed the new colony of North Carolina in the early 1700s, John Lawson encountered the Occaneechi tribe in 1701 while traveling along the Great Trading Path. Hugh T. Lefler and Albert Ray Newsome, North Carolina: The History of a Southern State (1963). [H] PASQUOTANK PRECINCT between Pasquotank and North Rivers: Spence, Burkham [G] (at Joys Fork), Jones [G], Janson, Mann, Jones, Hawkins. Listed below are companies that were specifically formed in Orange County: Listed below are archives in Orange County. He was issued several land grants. Be the first one to write a review. See also: Swiss and Palatine Settlers; Settlement of the Mountains, 1775-1838 (from Tar Heel Junior Historian); Settlement of the Piedmont (from Tar Heel Junior Historian); Moravians; Salem. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2023 East Carolina Roots. NOTE: Additional records that apply to Orange County are also on the North Carolina Land Records page. For suggestions about research in places that suffered historic record losses, see: For animated maps illustrating North Carolina county boundary changes, "Rotating Formation North Carolina County Boundary Maps" (1664-1965) may be viewed for free at the MapofUS.org website. Hillsborough; Search; Compare; Project; Community; Partners; News; Help; Old Maps Online. My dads side of the family owns land over at Core Point, and in fact, the Tripp Cemetery is at the end of Down Shore Road (where they own property). Index to the Moseley map of North Carolina, 1733 by Trimble, Susan M. Publication date 1991 Topics Moseley, Edward, 1682-1749 . This information should be taken as a guide and should be verified by contacting the county and/or the state government agency. A Glimpse Into Watauga County, NC John Adams was a drummer at the age of 15 during the American Revolutionary War. Other historic sites outside of the campus include the Episcopal Chapel of the Cross and the Horace Williams House, while some cultural institutions are the Jewish Heritage Foundation and the ArtsCenter in Carrboro. Born in 1820 as a slave in Virginia, Elizabeth Keckly (1820-1907) lived in the Hillsborough region in the 1830s. North of Hillsborough, a concentration of Quakers developed and settled in the region, but most had moved to the Alamance, Guilford, Randolph, and Chatham counties. At the close of the Civil War, the Bingham School relocated to Mebane where it became a military and classical academy. A student at the Bingham School, Samuel W. Hughes, established his own academy for boys in 1845. Robert Tripp b.1722 d. 1800 moved from Providence RI to Core Point, Durhams Creek, Beaufort, NC. Slavery was well established in the colony of North Carolina long before Orange County came into being. .Some houses they have of reed or bark; they build them generally round: to each house belongs a little hovel made like an oven, "This map was the result of . Once owned by Mr. Hugh Williamson Collins of Edenton (1863), Moseleys is said to be the first map of NC to be based mainly on actual exploration or surveys, rather than reports, according to the ECU Special Collections website. The Gooch and Benton Families of Caswell and Orange Counties of North Carolina, Nancy L Crawford (1987) Gunn. When the curtain rose for the drama of history to begin, the land that is now Orange county was occupied by small tribes of Siouan origin. More Options. Over 40 percent of those had only one slave. I saw the name Hardy listed but not Hardison. Men often joined a company (within a regiment) that originated in their county. Eno-Will agreed to guide Lawson to eastern Carolina. Because the region was sparsely populated during that era, land was plentiful; farmers could take fresh land each year instead of refertilizing farmed land, a practice that increased the size of farms but also caused damage to forest lands. Most of the Germans were farmers who settled near lakes and streams, where the land allowed them to produce successful crops as well as to keep livestock. Colton's 1856 Map of North Carolina with Beaufort Harbor. By 1780, however, 3 percent of Orange Co slaveholders had more than 20 slaves. It can be viewed online or downloaded as a PDF (right-click PDF and Save link as to download) at the Internet Archive. Clusters of families and Indian tribes were also named, such as the entry for Palatines in the section South of Trent River up to New Bern, referring to families that settled the New Bern area led by Baron Christoph von Graffenreidor Tuskeruro named on the Roanoke River referring to the Tuscarora Indian tribe. "We Crosst several miring branches in which we were all terribly bedaubed," they wrote. Their town is built round a field where in their sports they The town of Chapel Hill lies within Orange County and is home to the states flagship university: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. They also settled in the area east of do you mean the Samuel Willis of Willis Neck Craven County. Archeologists estimate that the Occaneechi inhabited the village between 1680 and 1710. From this point, it travels southeast until it crosses the current Highway 311 and empties into the Dan River just south of Idol Park. "Scotch-Irish" is the term used in the reference book. . Note: the Perrys married into Cumbo family also related to the Meherrin tribe. Does anyone have any information on the Norcumb family or know where I can find more information? Baron Christopher DeGraffenreid is my direct ancestor. WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. Most German families lived in traditional pioneer cabins built of logs and consisting of one large room with a smaller loft above. 1789 Courthouse burned. slaves or more. Who were the Palatine families referenced on the Moseley Map? Tar Heel Junior Historian, 34, no. the region later included in Orange county had disappeared by the time that the white settlement of the area began. My Greatgrand father was suppose to be born there in 1774 his name was Henry. By the 1768, protestors had become rebels, rioting throughout the backcountry, and Governor Tryon soon mobilized troops to quell the surging revolt. There was a William Green in my ancestory. Available from http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/csas200802700/ (accessed August 14, 2012). person whose name is not known with 20. A History of Orange County. Orange County Parent places: North Carolina; Related places: Town. had the largest population of any county in NC. i believe some of the tripps family moved down to anderson sc. Land deeds typically involve a purchase or transfer of property from one individual or group of individuals to another. He was listed in the NC Census in 1764. As tenant farmers, this rent freed them to work on their own plots and such. Other German pioneers were Christian FAUST, Jacob ALBRIGHT, Peter SHARP, Philip SNOTHERLY and David EFLAND. It was named in honor of the child, William V of Orange, whose father, William IV, had died in 1751. The colony flourished and prospered for 18 months, but in 1711 the colony was virtually destroyed after suffering an attack by Tuscarora Indians. The religious influences of Germans are notable, for example, and the Moravian village of Old Salem remains as a reflection of their impact. Abt 1759 Mecklenburg County, Virginia d. Bef 1795 Rutherford County, North Carolina: Early Colonial Settlers of Southern Maryland and Virginia's Northern Neck Counties. This page was last edited on 5 December 2022, at 23:48. Guide to Orange County, North Carolina ancestry, genealogy and family history, birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, and military records. In 1860 less than half of all landowners in the county had slaves. Board of Commissioners. As he traveled through Haw fields, he met a trading caravan of thirty horses led by several horsemen. How early were your ancestors in North Carolina? In 1755 (3 years after its founding) only 8 percent of the families owned slaves. Libraries with large genealogical collections, such as the, Order copies of passenger arrival records with, The earliest pre-statehood settlers of North Carolina were generally of, North Carolina did not attract heavy settlement after the Revolutionary War and lost much of its population in the. She is buried in Franklinton Community Cemetery. Senator, was born near Hillsborough, and once Missouri was admitted to the Union, Benton represented the newly formed state for thirty years from 1821 to 1851. Quoting from the book: "By 1773 The Haw river ford, which was crossed "with great Difficulty, (by God's Assistance)," Carl Hammer Jr., Rhinelanders on the Yadkin (1965). Occoneechee neighborhood. Settlers who claimed to be part of North Carolina's Buncombe County refused to pay these taxes, which resulted in confrontations (battles of the war) at McGaha Branch and . Orange County is located in the north-central portion of North Carolina and was named for William V of Orange, the infant grandson of King George III of England. In addition, some people of Welsh descent moved from the Welsh settlement in the Welsh Tract of South Carolina to North Carolina. Orange County 1752-1952. The following are the most historically and genealogically relevant populated places in this county:[6]. Four hundred years ago the English Roanoke colonists met numerous native inhabitants along the coast of what would become the state of North Carolina. The Occoneechee (Occaneechee) Indians provided Lawson with a feast of "good fat Bear, and Venison." For state-wide genealogical societies, see North Carolina Societies. His wife was Margaret surname unknown. Does anyone know if descendants of Edward Moseley ended up in South Carolina? The leader, a man named MASSEY, Im descended from Gidaon Moseley of Aiken SC. ?>, Sign up for updates from the North Carolina History Project. I find it kind of interesting that Thomas Week(e)s was a keeper of the land titles early on, but his name doesnt appear on the survey. I am a descendant of Jesse Adams who settled in Lewis Fork on the Yadkin River. i am historical demographer living in Columbisa; I have some census training. USA (1,373,456) > North Carolina (69,772) > Orange County (922) > Orange County Land Records (24), USA (1,373,456) > North Carolina (69,772) > North Carolina Land Records (1,003) > Orange County Land Records (24). As European surveyors and explorers traversed the new colony of North Carolina in the early 1700s, John Lawson encountered the Occaneechi tribe in 1701 while traveling along the Great Trading Path. At that time, it comprised a large section of the middle of the North Carolina colony, extending halfway from the Virginia line to the South Carolina line. Cain Creek section and William COURTNEY of Hillsborough. http://www.ncmarkers.com/Results.aspx?k=Search&ct=btn, (accessed on September 9, 2011). Thank you for your offer to help with the South Carolina census, however this site is focused on eastern North Carolina. Map of North Carolina County Formations 1664-1965. Mitchell's 1880 State and County Map of North and South Carolina with Plan of Charleston. Taxes, opportunities and freedom for religion and freedom to dream are just a few of the explanations why these early settlers arrived. Germans held the land west of the Haw River. They settled at a place they called the "Meadows" about 9 miles E. of Hillsborough at . Morris Notes from Craven County Estate Records (and two from Duplin), Rowland Ledbetter's father was most likely John Ledbetter. (David A.) The three largest landowners in 1800 were William CAIN who had 4,417 acres, Richard BENNEHAN with 4,065 acres, and William STRUDWICK with 4,000. with the Shakori (Shoccoree), or Saxapahaw, sometimes called Sissipihaw, dwelling Haw river in the neighborhood of Haw fields. Billy Strayhorn (1915-1967), a collaborator with Duke Ellington and an affluent member of the American Jazz movement, was raised in Orange County. Looking for Chaplain/Chaplins in the Currituck Co. area. Employment. Rutherford County, North Carolina : Person ID: I142795 : Tree1: Last Modified: 2 Mar 2023 : The Formation of The North Carolina Counties (1663-1943). I would like to know more about the Hatteras Indian reservation and its location. At that time, all of the occupied land in what is now Tennessee was Washington County, North Carolina. Part of the American History & Genealogy Project. Opened in 1801, Hillsborough Academy was actually a host of schools that shared the name throughout the county. Land Ownership in Orange County Grace or Lower Stone Church, NC Historical Marker L-45, North Carolina Office of Archives & History. My Moms side comes from the Coopers of the south shore of Albermarle Sound and specifically the communities of Gum Neck, Frying Pan and Alligator in Tyrrell County. He told of his visit to the Eno Indians . understood his language in some areas west of Hillsboro." Numbers began increasing soon after King Charles II granted a charter to eight of his powerful friends, "Lords Proprietors," for vast lands extending from the Atlantic coast westward as far as the . [E] PERQUIMANS PRECINCT between Yaupin and Pequimans Rivers: Sturgeons, Durant, Norcomb, Harvey [T], Denman [C], Skinner [R], Sander, Pettiver, Phelps, Speight. The FamilySearch Library has additional sources listed in their catalog: National Archives and Records Administration, U.S. DAISY . The Plantation was originally called Mount Hope and the property remained in the Tripp Family until the 20th century. There were more in the Cain Creek and Stinking John FAUST had land on Cain Creek. German refers to the area that was later to become The only NC relation I had was Sir Christopher Gale, the first Chief Justice of the North Carolina Colony. After all of this, Orange County was just a fraction of its original size. There were some north of Hillsborough. (Click here for an article on the influence of religion and politics on the N.C. Regulation). In addition to these towns, a portion of the town of Mebane stretches into Orange. Yes! The town of Hillsborough is the county seat of Orange County, North Carolina, United States and is located along the Eno River. He was a delegate to the 2nd Continental Congress in 1776. There was also a Hugh Boston, who could have been his father or brother in the same area. Orange County was organized in 1752 due to the great population influx from 1740 until 1752. A major river of the southeastern United States, it drains a largely rural area of the coastal plain from the eastern edge of the Appalachian Mountains southeast across the Piedmont to Albemarle Sound. His partner, Louis Michel, was occupied with negotiations for the Swiss settlements. By 1860 77% of the land owners had 100 acres or less with only about 1% having 1,000 acres or more. The following is a direct quote: "Most slaveholders owned a small number of slaves, hence the They parch their nuts and acorns over a fire, to take away their rank oyliness; which I did see the name Jasper, listed also. Keckly, who eventually bought her freedom became a prominent dressmaker in Washington, D.C., wrote a memoir which detailed her experiences in Hillsborough, specifically the birth of her illegitimate son. These early settlers began to acquire land in the area in 1751. Encyclopedia of North Carolina, University of North Carolina Press. ALBRECHT/ALBRIGHT, BASON, KLAPP/CLAPP, EPHLAND/EFLAND, FAUST/FOUST, GERHARD, GOERTNER/COURTNER/CURTNER, GRAFF/GRAVES, HOLT/HOLD, They were the first to build a religious structure, the Lick Creek Meeting House in 1813. Hugh Lefler and Paul Wager, eds. [D] EDENTON AREA between Chowan and Yaupin Rivers [north shore of Albemarle Sound]: Heath, Altin, Luten, Paget, Gale [E], Jones [H], Gale [C], Vaile [J], Moseley [E], Jones [F], Beabury,Beasly, Blount [J], Vaile, Porter [E], Pearce [T], Ward [J]. By 1767 it 1693-1960 North Carolina Land Grant Files, Abstracts of land entries, Orange County, North Carolina, 1778-1795, Abstracts of the minutes of the Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions of Orange County in the Province of North Carolina, September 1752 through August 1766, Colonial Bertie County, North Carolina deed books A-H, 1720-1757, Deeds (original) 1755-1961; index 1755-1962, Land Records: pre-1750, 1750-1800, 1800-1850, Land entry books, 1778-1795; registration of deeds, 1753-1793, Land grants to first settlers in old Orange county, North Carolina, Land grants to settlers in old Orange County in North Carolina : parts of present Orange, Chatham, and Durham counties, North Carolina county core collection (microform) 1681-1915, Orange County NC Register of Deeds, Books 2-21, Orange County, North Carolina : [map of early settlers in old Orange County, including parts of present Orange, Chatham, and Durham counties, 1743-1810], Orange County, North Carolina land ownership map, 1891, Record of deeds, 1755-1756, 1768-1840; general index to deeds, 1752-1868, Register of Orange County, North Carolina deeds, 1752-1768, and 1793. Their government is democratick; and the sentences of their old 1820 Orange County, North Carolina map with towns. = 2 mi. E435G786. Nearly 900 protestors, known as Regulators, had gathered in Orange County, and other counties joined the fray as well, including Anson, Dobbs, Halifax, and Rowan. possible in Jersey settlement area Rowan co bout 1768. Hendricks, J. Edwin, and Christopher E. Hendricks. Have not been able to trace them further back, would love to find out where they originated from. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. Soon after this visit of John Lawson, the Siouan tribes of the Piedmont departed for eastern Carolina. There were four primary religious groups among these people: German Protestants, Lutherans, German Reformed, and Moravians. This is a finding aid. from Leeds in Yorkshire, England, advised Lawson to secure ENO-WILL, a faithful Indian guide, who was to be found at one of the villages in the They are of mean stature and courage, covetous and thievish, industrious to earn a penny; and therefore Subject (s) Addeddate 2012-06-11 16:11:46 Bookplateleaf 0009 Call number 39999077114633 Camera Canon EOS 5D Mark II External-identifier urn:oclc:record:1045591989 1693-1960 North Carolina Land Grant Files Ancestry, Abstracts of land entries, Orange County, North Carolina, 1778-1795 Family History Library, Abstracts of the minutes of the Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions of Orange County in the Province of North Carolina, September 1752 through August 1766 Family History Library, Colonial Bertie County, North Carolina deed books A-H, 1720-1757 Family History Library, Deeds (original) 1755-1961; index 1755-1962 Family History Library, Deeds, 1764-1765; minutes, 1856-1861 Family History Library, Land Records: pre-1750, 1750-1800, 1800-1850 Genealogy Trails, Land entry books, 1778-1795; registration of deeds, 1753-1793 Family History Library, Land grant records of North Carolina Family History Library, Land grants to first settlers in old Orange county, North Carolina Genealogy Gophers, Land grants to settlers in old Orange County in North Carolina : parts of present Orange, Chatham, and Durham counties Family History Library, North Carolina county core collection (microform) 1681-1915 Archive Grid, Orange County Land Grant Files NC Land Grants, Orange County NC Register of Deeds, Books 2-21 Digital Library on American Slavery, Orange County records Family History Library, Orange County, North Carolina : [map of early settlers in old Orange County, including parts of present Orange, Chatham, and Durham counties, 1743-1810] Family History Library, Orange County, North Carolina deeds Family History Library, Orange County, North Carolina land ownership map, 1891 Family History Library, Record of deeds, 1755-1756, 1768-1840; general index to deeds, 1752-1868 Family History Library, Record of sales and resales, 1919-1962 Family History Library, Register of Orange County, North Carolina deeds, 1752-1768, and 1793 Family History Library, Registration of Deeds 1757 - 1768, 1793 Genealogy Trails. last residence, final destination in the U.S.. whether they had been to the U.S. before (and if so, when, where and how long). *****Dr. Lederer's comments**** Names were Best and Sawyer and others. Discovering the Cartography of the Past. ****Lawson's sketch**** General Thomas Lloyd, progenitor of the Lloyd Family of Orange county, North Carolina was born in Pennsylvania about 1736. Density over the mountainous region was 2.9 persons per square mile. https://archive.org/details/historyofgermansin00bern/page/n6 (accessed January 23, 2019). Flue-curing enabled tobacco to have high levels of sugar and simultaneously medium to high levels of nicotine, thereby making the tobacco not only sweeter, but more addictive. These seem to tally Land grants to early settlers in old Orange County, North Carolina, : parts of present Orange, Chatham, and Durham counties, period 1743-1810., C [opyright] A.B. The creek begins near Mt. He brought some of his chief Men into his Cabin, and two of them having a Drum and Rattle, This page has been accessed 774 times. The Occoneechee Indians had fled from their island home at the confluence of Dan and Staunton rivers and were then n the region of the Your email address will not be published. The Sugeree Native Americans were first mentioned in this area by 1709, 1 following John Lawson's description from his manuscript. Charleston, South Carolina, was one of the South's most famous senators during the time period from 1832 to 1850. Once owned by Mr. Hugh Williamson Collins of Edenton (1863), Moseleys is said to be the first map of NC to be based mainly on actual exploration or surveys, rather than reports, according to the ECU Special Collections website. These and the mountain-Indians build not their houses of bark, but of watling and My family lines in Pitt County are Atkinson (Bensboro Plantation), Rives, Bryan, Hill, Whitmel. teaching mission of East Carolina University and preserve the cultural heritage of the eastern North Carolina community through digital initiatives, especially the creation of digital library . At no time did slaves constitute more than 31 percent of the total population of the county. Aft 1880 Wayne County, Missouri: Early Colonial Settlers of Southern Maryland and Virginia's Northern Neck Counties. The Early Settlers of Sugar Creek, NC 1740-1760 Carol on January 8, 2021 ( Leave a comment ) Sugar Creek is a small community lying within the boundaries of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. slaves. 2008 - 2023 INTERESTING.COM, INC. The author goes on to say that more than two centuries later the following comment was written. Some of North Carolina's German settlers, in particular the Moravians, held different views of society from most of their neighbors. Im looking for the Robert Willis family, from Eastern part of the state,in the 1700s. Conrad Bullen emigrated early 1700s from Palatine area of Germany and became naturalized citizen in Sept, 1763, Salisbury. This page has been viewed 42,834 times (4,286 via redirect). David Leroy Corbitt. You may do research in immigration records in person at the National Archives Building, 700 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20408-0001. There were few white families in the 1740's in the area that was to become Orange County. Happy to see the Perrys and Slades of our family listed. English immigrants from VA settled in northern Orange along the Hico River and County Line Creek. My Great great grandmother was Caroline perry Privett . Rendleman Date 1953 Extent Local Identifier G3903.R8E27 1953 .R46 Creator (s) Rendleman, D. A. their chief recreation is slinging of stones. 1781 Some records were lost/destroyed when they were buried to avoid destruction by Cornwallis during the Revolutionary War. [K] Eastern shore between Albemarle & Pamticoe Sounds: 1-North Shore-Pamticoe River:Lillington[A], Adams, Pilkington, Snoad, Boyd, 2-Bath Town: Kenyon, Odeon, Aldeson[S], Martin, Worsly [J], Salter[E], Riouset, Adams, Jones,Ottiwell, 3-East of Bath Town to the Sound: Jewell, maule [P], Perkins, Barrow, Adams [P], Dowry, Jones [P],Woodstock, Slade, Jasper, Mattamuskeet, Tuskeruro Indians, Mallard Creek, Chicod Creek, Salter [E], Kingman, Worsly, Blount, Reading,Coldom, Hill, Slade, Slade [B], Crofton, Maule [P], Locker, Peyton [R], Trip [J], Porter, Nevil, Turner[R],Leigh, Jones, Campaign [R], 2-Craven Precinct Johnson, Beards Creek, Frank[M], Wilkinsons Point, Dawsons Creek, 1-Craven Precinct-New Bern Fonville, Handy, 2-South of Trent River up to New Bern Jones [Frederick]-7375 acres, Wilson [W], Hancock,Palatines, Glover [C], Hatch [A], Handcock [H], [Q] Hatteras Island:Gibbs, Neal, Hatteras Indians, 1-Near Beaufort Town Taylor [N], Shakelford, Shaw, Rustul [R], 2-Across North River, east Wicker, Burnet, 1-NE shore New River[Jacksonville] Howard, Lillington[H], 3-Along the coast between New and Cape Fear Rivers [Jacksonville to Wilmington] Johnson,Beasly, Frederick, Alexander, Vaile[J], Nixon, Hauser, Swann[S], Staples, Hudson, Watts, Perry,Porter, Howe, 4-East bank NE Branch Cape Fear River Harrison[C], Watts, Mardsen, Carter, And now, for the map (clicking on the map will bring up a much larger version from East Carolina University in a new window).. [J] CURRITUCK PRECINCT between North River and Currituck Sound: Wilkins, Balance, Hodges [M], Swann [T], Etheridg, Lowther, Williams, Tulle, Swann [W], Dukes [M],Sanderson, Williamson, Norton, Gibby. I also havent seen anything related to The Scorpion and most Scottish settlements with which Im familiar came decades later than the settling of the Neuse / Pamlico / Chowan River regions. Label vector designed by Ibrandify - Freepik.com. The Welsh, including Thomas LLOYD settled between Hillsborough and what is now Chatham County. The 1790 census showed 10,055 whites, 2,060 Negro slaves, and 101 other free persons. entertainments, and so serve them up to their guests as an extraordinary dainty. All Rights Reserved. Visitors are seen along the Jungle Trail in Palm Beach in the early 1900s. Encyclopedia of North Carolina (University of North Carolina Press: Chapel Hill, NC 2006). My family line comes from James, brother to Samuel. if joining a relative, who this person was, where they lived, and their relationship. The most distinctly Scotch-Irish settlement in the county was Eno, about 7 miles north of Hillsborough. Many of the early settlers also moved into the county from the upstate of South Carolina and areas of northwest North Carolina - Burke County, Rowan County and others. A Division of the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources. 1 (2010): 1 . District Precinct Maps. Apparently all of the Indians in The delays were annoying. As other counties were created out of parts of Oranges territory, these counties were created wholly out of Old Orange: Chatham (1771), Caswell (1777) and Person (created out of Caswell in 1791), and Alamance (1849). By the early eighteenth century, the Occaneechi had vanished from present-day Orange County because of disease, rum, and warfare had been detrimental to the Piedmont tribes.